As a country located in Middle East according to THEMEPARKTOUR.COM, the United Arab Emirates is a federal state made up of seven Emirates, in which each emirate has strong autonomy. In this way, each ruler chooses the pace of transition between a traditional state to another of a modern economy.
The seven emirs of the UAE form the supreme council, the main governing body. These are elected every five years. Although not official, the country’s president is by inheritance a sheikh from the emirate of Abu Dhabi and the prime minister, a sheikh from the emirate of Dubai.
The Supreme Council is also in charge of electing the council of ministers, while a federal national assembly of 40 members, chosen from all the emirates, is in charge of reviewing the laws proposed by the government. There is also a federal judicial system, all states except Dubai and Ras Al-Jaymah have joined this federal system. All the emirates impart Islamic and secular law for civil, criminal and supreme court cases, in Western terms we can equate this system to a constitutional monarchy.
Federal Constitution
The federal constitution of this State is characterized by delimiting the competences of the member emirates at the local level and at the federal level, since according to it each emirate of the federation has its own government and will be governed in local matters according to its own design, We can add that the local government of the emirates historically can be equated to what in the West is called a monarchy, or principality since the emir is the supreme head of the emirate and his function is delegated via hereditary, even so once the constitution is created it is creates a new nation and its own federal institutions, the constitution of this state with respect to the emirates is referred to in this way.
Supreme Council
In a spirit of consensus and collaboration, the rulers of the seven emirates agreed during the federation process that each of them would be a member of a Supreme Council, the highest regulatory body in the new state. They also agreed that a President and a Vice President will be elected from among their number, to serve for a period of five years in office. The Governor of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al-Nahyan, was elected as the first president, a position for which he has been re-elected at successive five-year intervals, while the Ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum was elected as the first Vice President, a position he continued to hold until his death in 1990, at which time his eldest son and heir, Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, was elected to succeed him.
Federal National Council
Federal National Council (FNC) has 40 members from the emirates, with eight each from Abu Dhabi and Dubai, six each from Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah, and four each from Fujairah, Umm al – Qaiwain and Ajman. The council is chaired by a President, or either of the two Vice-Presidents, chosen from among their number, the FNC is responsible under the Constitution to examine and, if it wishes, to modify, all the proposals of federal legislation, and He is empowered to summon and question any Federal Minister of the Ministry in relation to the performance of his office. One of the main functions of the FNC is to discuss the annual budget.
They have been formed to assist the members of the FNC and meet the growing demands of a modern government specialized subcommittees and a Special Research and Studies Unit.
The Council of Ministers is the authority in charge of the executive of the Union and is under the supreme control of the President of the Union and the Supreme Council is responsible for dealing with all national and foreign affairs that are within the competence of the Union, of in accordance with its Constitution and Union law.
Federal Judicial Branch
The federal judiciary, whose independence is guaranteed by the Constitution, includes the Federal Supreme Court and the Courts of First Instance. The Federal Supreme Court is made up of five magistrates appointed by the Supreme Council of Governors. The judges decide on the constitutionality of federal laws and arbitrate in intra-community disputes in the emirates and disputes between the federal government and the emirates.
Local governments
In addition to the link with federal institutions, as established in the Constitution, each of the seven emirates also has its own local government, these differ in size and complexity from emirate to emirate, depending on a number of factors such as such as population, surface area, and the degree of development, but basically in essence it is the same an emir is the one who administers, which as said is a figure very similar to what a king is, the position is hereditary and the emir is in charge of the entire organization of your emirate.
