Connections that make a continuously held together by electrostatic forces, or attraction. They contain a positively charged atom or molecule, which is called a cation and a negatively charged atom or molecule, which is called an anion. In their regular mode, need those links do not conduct electricity, but when it is dissolved in water, ions dissocierer and can lead a power. At high temperatures, when these connections become liquid, cations and anionerne begins to flow and can conduct electricity, even in the absence of water. Non-ionic compounds or compounds that are not dissocierer in ions, is not implementing a stream. One can construct a simple circuit with a light bulb as an indicator to test the conductivity of aqueous compounds. The test connection in this setup will complete the circuit and turn on the light bulb if it can manage a stream.
Relations with Strong Conductivity
The easiest way to determine if a substance can lead a power is identifying its molecular structure or composition. Relations with strong conductivity dissocierer completely into charged atoms or molecules or ions when they dissolve in water. These ions can move and perform one power effectively. The higher concentration of ions, the greater the conductivity. Table salt, or sodium chloride, is an example of a context with a strong conductivity. It dissociates into positively charged sodium and negatively charged chlorioner in water. Ammonium sulphate, calcium chloride, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and zinc nitrate are other examples of connections with strong conductivity, also known as strong electrolytes. Strong electrolytes tends to be inorganic compounds, which means that they lack carbon atoms. Organic compounds or carbon compounds, are often weak electrolytes or are leading.
Connections With Weak Conductivity
Connections that dissocierer only partially in the water are weak electrolytes and bad conductors of an electric current. Acetic acid is the connection to the present in vinegar, is a weak electrolyte, because it dissocierer only slightly in water. Ammonium hydroxide is another example of a connection with weak conductivity. When other than water solvents are used, the Ionic dissociation, and therefore the ability to carry the power change. Ionization of weak electrolytes typically increases with increases in temperature. Comparing the conductivity of various compounds in water, the researchers are using specific conductivity. The specific conductivity is a measure of the conductivity of a connection in the water at a certain temperature, usually 25 degrees Celsius. Specific conductivity is measured in units of Siemens and microsiemens per centimeter. The degree of water pollution can be determined by measuring the specific conductivity, because polluted water contains more ions and can can generate more conductivity.
Conductive Compounds
Connections that do not produce ions in water can not conduct an electric current. Sugar or sucrose, is an example of a compound that dissolves in water, but does not produce ions. The dissolved sucrose molecules are surrounded by clusters of water molecules and is said to be “hydrated”, but remains charged. Connections that are not soluble in water, such as calcium carbonate, nor have conductivity: they produce no ions. Conductivity presupposes the existence of charged particles.
Conductivity of Metals
Electrical conductivity requires movement of charged particles. In the case of electrolytes or liquid or molten Ionic compounds, positively and negatively charged particles are generated and can move around. In metals is positive metal ions arranged in a rigid grid or crystal structure that can not move but the positive metal atoms are surrounded by clouds of electrons that are free to roam around and can carry an electrical current. An increase in temperature causes a decrease in electrical conductivity, which stands in contrast to the increase in the conductivity of electrolytes in similar circumstances.
