Pakistan Facts

Pakistan Facts and History

Asia

Pakistan – land of Islam

Pakistan was only founded in 1947. Since then, the country has seen four military regimes. Due to the difficult conflict between India and Pakistan over the Kashmir region, there was nuclear armament on both sides, as a result of which Pakistan became a nuclear power.

Pakistani culture is shaped and permeated by Islam. Religion affects all areas of daily life. The geographical conditions show a dry country; about one third of Pakistan is of desert covered and mountainous. The Hindu Kush, Karakoram Mountains, Pamir Mountains, and the Western Himalayas stretch across the country. Many areas in these regions are still not fully explored and developed.

The city of Lahore and the port city of Karachi are particularly worth seeing, but also the ruined cities of Moerjodaro and Taxila, the Buddhist ruins of Takht-i-Bahi, the fortress and Shalimar gardens in Lahore, the ruins and city of the dead of Thatta and the fortress Rohtas, the are all part of the world cultural heritage.

The country had a bad day with the murder of Benazir Bhutto on December 27, 2007, who was killed by a suicide bomber.

But that was nothing compared to the flood disaster of August 2010. These floods affected up to 20 million people who were left homeless, making it the worst natural disaster the country had in recent years. Huge areas of land were under water and up to 2,000 people were killed. In view of the disaster, there was an almost complete breakdown of the infrastructure. of the country

German name Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Name in Urduand English Islami Jumhuriat PakistanIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Form of government Parliamentary democracy, but de facto a predial regime
Location Southern part of Central Asia
National anthem Pak sarzamin shad bad
Independence date August 14, 1947
Population 172.8 million (Credit: Countryaah: Pakistan Population)
Ethnicities 50% Punjabis;15% Sindhis;

15% Pashtuns;

8% mohajirs;

5% Baluch and

about 1.2 million refugees from Afghanistan

Religions approx. 97% Muslims (mainly Sunnis and approx. 15-20% Shiites)approx. 3% Hindus, Christians etc.
Languages The official languages are Urdu and English.The most important regional languages are Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtu, Seraiki and Baluchi
Capital Islamabad – with an estimated 1 million residents
Surface approx. 800,000 km²
Highest mountain The K2 with a height of 8,611 m
Longest river The Indus with a length of 2,900 km
Largest lake Hâmûn-i Mâshkel with an extension of 85 km in length and 35 km in wid
International license plate PK
National currency 1 Pakistani rupee = 100 Paisa)
Time difference to CET + 4 h
International phone code +92
Voltage frequency 230 volts and 50 hertz
Internet TLD (Top Level Domain) .pk

Pakistan: history

From 400 BC Until about 400 BC the Buddhist Gandhara culture prevailed in what is now Pakistan. From this area Buddhism spread to China and Japan. From 712 it came to Islam ization of the region, which formed the basis for the later emergence of Pakistan. The Muslim Mughal dynasty ruled what is now Pakistan from the mid-16th to the 19th centuries. The city of Lahore was one of the centers of Islamic culture.

According to Abbreviationfinder website, in the 19th century, the British took the provinces of what is now Pakistan. Due to the differences between Hindus and Muslims, the British protectorate in India and Pakistan was divided in 1947. Since the founding of the state in 1947, the military has taken power in Pakistan four times. In 1971, East Pakistan split off and declared itself independent as Bangladesh.

Constitutional amendments under General Zia ul-Haq in 1985 pushed the Islamization of society forward and put a strain on democratic institutions. In 1988, after the death of General Zia, the party leader of the PPP Benazir Bhutto became Prime Minister for 20 months. In 1990 she was deposed and Nawaz Sharif was appointed Prime Minister. Benazir Bhutto formed the federal government. In 1997, after parliament was again dissolved by the President, the PML-N won an overwhelming victory with Chairman Nawaz Sharif. The religious-conservative Mohammad Rafiq Tarar, nominated by Prime Minister Sharif, was elected the 9th President of Pakistan in 1997.

After the Kashmir crisis in 1999, tensions arose between Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and his army chief, Perez Musharraf. General Musharraf took power in a bloodless military coup. In 2001, President Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister AB Vajpayee met for talks, but a joint final declaration failed due to the differing views on the Kashmir region. In 2001, President Musharraf pledged full and unreserved support to the United States in the fight against terrorism, thereby opposing the Taliban, which had previously been supported by Pakistan. In a keynote address, President Musharraf rejected terror, intolerance and extremist violence. As a result, five militant organizations were banned. The newly formed PML-Q emerged victorious from the parliamentary elections in 2002. With the support of defectors, it forms the government of Prime Minister Jamali. According to EU observers, the opposition parties have been hampered.

In 2002 the Indian-Pakistani relationship escalated again. Troops marched on both sides of the border. A constitutional amendment in 2003 gave the president far-reaching powers. President Musharraf promised to step down from the army chief by the end of 2004, from which he stepped down again in 2004. Two attacks on President Musharraf followed, both of which he survived.

In 2004, President Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Vajpayee came to an agreement on all issues, including the Kashmiri conflict. After Musharraf’s forced and bloodless resignation on August 18, 2008, Asif Ali Zardari was legally elected as the new president on September 6, 2008 by the two chambers and a number of provincial governors. He took office on August 6, 2008 – he was sworn in on September 9, 2008.

Former cricketer Imran Ahmad Khan Niazi (born 1952) has been the country’s prime minister since August 18, 2018.

On September 9, 2018, Arif Alvi (born 1949) became president of the country.

Pakistan Facts