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Newark, New Jersey
According to Countryaah.com, Newark is a city in the state of New Jersey in the United States with 282,803
residents (U.S. Census, 2017), which together with New York, Northern New Jersey
and Long Island constitutes the Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area
(Greater New York) and forms the United States' largest city agglomeration (metropolitan
area) with about 20.3 million residents. Newark is located on the west bank
of the Passaic River and Newark Bay in northeastern New Jersey and 13 kilometers
west of lower Manhattan in New York. Newark is one of the oldest cities in the
United States.
The name is of uncertain origin. It may come from the name of the residence
of Priest Abraham Pierson who came from Newark-on-Trent, England, or be from the
Ark of the New Covenant.
Population
52.4 percent of the population is African-American, 33.8 percent are of
Hispanic origin and 26.3 percent are white (2010). Following a population
decline in Newark of 442,337 residents in 1930, in the 1960s, many white
residents relocated, partly following the construction of the Interstate Highway
system, from Newark to the suburbs. After a decline in the population, this has
increased somewhat after 2000.
Economics and culture
Economic activity is characterized by Newark being a center for road, air and
ship transport of people and products in addition to the city being a major
trade center. The city is part of the Port of New York and New Jersey, one of
America's largest container shipping ports.
Machines, chemicals, polymers, electronic electronic equipment, leather
products and beer are produced, among other things. The industrial sector has
been reduced while the service industries have increased and employed most. The
transport sector has more than 17,000 jobs. More than 100,000 people commute to
and from Newark every working day. Newark Liberty International Airport, one of
the world's busiest airports, has made Newark one of America's major cities for
arrivals and departures.
Newark is the U.S's third largest insurance center after New York
and Hartford.
Newark has several universities, including Rutgers University-Newark and the
New Jersey Institute of Technology (founded 1881) as well as a number of
colleges. Trinity Cathedral dates from 1743. The Newark Museum and the Jewish
Museum of New Jersey are two of several museums.
There are a number of parks in Newark, including Military Park near the city
center, Lincoln Park in the Arts District which is one of three colonial parks
as well as Branch Brook which is famous for Japanese cherry trees.
There are several festivals, including the Cherry Blossom Festival (April),
Newark Black Film Festival (in the summer), Afro Beat Fest (July) and the James
Moody Jazz Festival (November). New Jersey Performing Arts Center opened in
1997.
History
Newark was founded by relocated Puritans from the New Haven Colony in
Connecticut in 1666 and gained city status in 1693. During the American War of
Independence 1775-1783 several raids of English troops occurred in Newark. After
1790, the manufacture of shoes and tanning of leather increased. Newark was
incorporated as a city in 1836 and enjoyed strong industrial growth in the 19th
century and in the first half of the 20th century.
The opening of the Morris Canal in 1832 and the construction of a number of
rail lines made Newark a busy port city. Newark International Airport (now
Newark Liberty International Airport) opened in 1928. The proportion of
African-Americans increased from 17 percent in 1930 to more than 50 percent in
the 1980s. From about 1950, the city had urban decline and frequent racial
unrest; these culminated in the Newark riots in July 1967. Since about 1990,
parts of Newark have been revitalized.
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